Uburyo bwo kwisukura bwo gukoresha icyuma gikonjesha amazi mu ruganda rw'ibyuma muri Afurika y'Epfo

I. Amateka y'umukiriya

Uru ni ikigo giciriritse gitunganya ibyuma mu Ntara ya Gauteng, muri Afurika y'Epfo, ahanini gikora ibyuma by'ubwubatsi. Sisitemu y'amazi akonje y'uru ruganda imaze igihe kinini ikora, kandi isoko y'amazi ni amazi yo mu nganda akoreshwa mu kongera gukoreshwa. Amazi arimo ibice byinshi binini bimanitse, harimo n'udupfundikizo tw'icyuma, umucanga, n'amavuta make. Ibikoresho by'umwimerere by'umukiriya byo kuyungurura byari akayunguruzo koroshye ko mu gikapu, byasabaga gusimbuza kenshi imifuka ya kayunguruzo n'intoki, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku musaruro.

II. Ingingo z'ububabare bw'abakiriya

Uru ruganda rw'ibyuma rwahuye n'ibibazo byinshi byo kuyungurura mu gihe cyo gukora. Akayunguruzo k'umwimerere ko mu bwoko bw'amasashi karafungwaga buri masaha ane kugeza kuri atandatu, bigasaba kuzimya kugira ngo gasimbuze amasashi ya filter. Buri gikorwa cyo gusimbuza cyafataga isaha imwe, bigatuma amasaha atatu kugeza kuri ane ahagarara buri munsi. Ibikorwa bya buri munsi byakoreshejwe n'intoki byatumye habaho ikiguzi kinini cyo kubungabunga, kandi sisitemu nta bushobozi bwo kugenzura mu gihe nyacyo, bituma bitashoboka kubona aho amazi yazimiye mu gihe gikwiye. Ingaruka zabyo ni uko amazi akonje yahindutse adakora neza, byagize ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku ngaruka zo gukonjesha kw'ibikoresho by'icyuma biziba kandi rimwe na rimwe bigatera ubushyuhe bwinshi.

III. Igisubizo

Twatanze inama ku buryo bukurikira bwo gushyirahoimashini zisukura ubwazoKu bakiriya bacu. Silinda ya firigo ifite umurambararo wa DN250 n'umurambararo wo hanze wa milimetero 273. Ibikoresho bya silinda ni SS304 icyuma kitagira umugese kandi cyakoreweho ikoreshwa ry'umucanga. Igice cya firigo gikoresha mesh ifite ishusho ya mikoroni 50 kandi cyakozwe na SS304. Igice cyo gufunga gikozwe muri fluororubber, gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya amavuta no kurwanya ubushyuhe. Uburyo bwo gusukura ni imiterere y'imbere ya firigo, naho ibikoresho bya firigo ni 304 icyuma kitagira umugese. Ingano y'aho yinjira n'aho asohokera ni flange za DN50, hakurikijwe ibipimo bya DIN. Ingano y'aho firigo isohoka ni DN100, ifite valve y'amashanyarazi, kandi ikoresha uburyo bwo gusohora amazi bumanuka. Igitutu cy'ibikoresho ni megapascal 1.0, naho igitutu cy'akazi ni megapascal 0.6. Igice cyo kugenzura gikoresha uburyo bwa PLC, gifite ecran nini ya LCD, kandi ingufu za moteri ni kilowatts 0.75. Ibikoresho kandi bifite sensor y'igitutu itandukanya, ishobora guhuzwa na PLC. Abakoresha bashobora gushyiraho agaciro ko gusukura umuvuduko utandukanye hakurikijwe imiterere nyayo y'akazi. Ibi bikoresho bishyirwa ku muyoboro munini w'amazi, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gushyiraho kuri interineti, nta mpamvu yo guhindura imiterere y'umuyoboro wa mbere.

IV. Ingaruka ku mikoreshereze

Nyuma y'uko ibikoresho bimaze amezi atatu bikora, ikigo cyacu cyakomeje gusura. Umukiriya yavuze ko ingaruka zabyo zari nziza cyane. Ku bijyanye n'ingaruka zo kuyungurura, imyanda yari isanzwe kandi igipimo cyo gukuramo ibintu bikomeye byari bihagaze cyageze kuri 95%. Ku bijyanye n'imikorere yikora, iyo itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko ryageraga kuri megapascal 0.05 yagenwe n'umukoresha, ibikoresho byahitaga bitangira gukurura isuku, kandi nta gikorwa cyagombaga gukorwa n'intoki mu gihe cyose cy'igikorwa. Ku bijyanye no gukomeza gukora, igikorwa cyo gusukura cyakomeje gutanga amazi, kandi umusaruro ntiwahagaze kubera ibibazo byo kuyungurura. Ku bijyanye n'akazi ko kubungabunga, mbere, imifuka ya filter yagombaga gusimbuzwa inshuro esheshatu ku munsi, ariko ubu, hakenewe igenzura ry'ibikoresho buri mezi abiri. Ku bijyanye n'ingaruka zo gusohora imyanda, valve y'amashanyarazi ya DN100 nini y'umurambararo isohoka neza, kandi imyanda ntiyashoboraga kuziba valve. Ku bijyanye no kumenya amakosa, ecran nini ya PLC yerekanaga uko imikorere ihagaze mu gihe nyacyo, kandi iyo habayeho ikibazo, habaga hari inzogera yikora.

V. Ibitekerezo ku bakiliya

Umugenzuzi ushinzwe kubungabunga ibikoresho by'uru ruganda yavuze ko aka kayunguruzo ko kwisukura kakemuye burundu ikibazo cy'amazi akonje. Mbere, bagombaga guhagarika imashini buri masaha make kugira ngo basimbuze imifuka ya kayunguruzo, ibyo bikaba byarateraga abakozi ibibazo bikomeye. Ubu ibikoresho bikora ku buryo bwikora, kandi bakeneye gusa kugenzura amakuru ari kuri ecran ya LCD rimwe na rimwe. Ibikoresho bya SS304 biraramba cyane. Amazi yo muri Afurika y'Epfo arakomeye, ariko nta kimenyetso cy'uko yangiritse nyuma yo kuyakoresha amezi atatu. Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gusohora amazi mabi nacyo ni ingirakamaro cyane. Imyanda ivamo irahumutse cyane kandi ntituma amazi atemba hose. Barateganya kugura izindi mashini ebyiri umwaka utaha kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu zindi nzira zo gukora.

VI. Incamake y'urubanza

Uru rubanza rugaragaza ko silindiri ya DN250 ihujwe n'akayunguruzo ko kwisukura ka DN50 gashyirwa mu nganda n'ako gusohoka gakwiriye cyane mu buryo bw'amazi azenguruka mu nganda. Akayunguruzo ka mikoroni 50 gafite ishusho y'agace, gafatanye n'agacupa k'imbere ka 304, gashobora gufata neza uduce tw'icyuma n'imyanda isa n'imyanda. Uburyo bwo kugenzura umuvuduko wa PLC hamwe n'ikimenyetso kinini cyo kureba bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga intoki kandi bigatuma inzira yo kuyungurura ikora nta muntu ubikoze.

VII. Amabwiriza yo guhindura ibintu

Ibipimo by'ibikoresho muri iki gihe bishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe imiterere y'akazi k'umukiriya, harimo ariko bitagarukira ku murambararo wa silindiri, uburyo bwo kuyungurura, amahame ngenderwaho yo kwinjira n'aho gusohokera, ibikoresho byo gufunga, ibisabwa kugira ngo bitangirika, nibindi. Niba ukeneye igishushanyo mbonera cy'umuti ushingiye ku bwiza bw'amazi yawe cyangwa imiterere y'uburyo ukoresha, nyamuneka twandikire.